In NPB, a game tied after 12 innings ends in a draw. In most professional baseball leagues worldwide, ties either do not exist or are extraordinarily rare. Why does Japan alone tolerate baseball without a winner?
An analysis of the evolution of tie game rules and extra inning regulations in NPB. This article examines how rule changes from unlimited extra innings to the 12-inning limit have affected pennant races and game operations.
Today's NPB caps extra innings at 12, but earlier eras had no limit or allowed 18. Games exceeding six hours, battles lasting past midnight. This article revisits NPB's longest games and the human endurance they demanded.